The Ahom Dynasty (1228–1826) ruled the Ahom Kingdom in present-day Assam, India for nearly 598 years. The dynasty was established by Chaolung Sui-Ka-Phaa, a Shan prince of Mong Mao who came to Assam after crossing the Patkai mountains. The rule of this dynasty ended with the Burmese invasion of Assam and the subsequent annexation by the British East India Company following the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826.

In external medieval chronicles the kings of this dynasty were called Asam Raja, whereas the subjects of the kingdom called them Chaopha (Chao-ruler, Pha-heaven), or Swargadeo (the equivalent in Assamese).

Chaolung Sukaphaa (1228–1268), also known as a Siu-Ka-Pha, the first Ahom king in medieval Assam, was the founder of the Ahom kingdom. A Tai prince originally from Mong Mao, the kingdom he established in 1228 existed for nearly six hundred years and in the process unified the various indigenous ethnic groups of the region that left a deep impact on the region. In reverence to his position in Assam's history the honorific Chaolung is generally associated with his name (Chao: lord; Lung: great).

He was a great adventurer, brave warrior and a diplomat whose invasion to this place with a force of eight nobles, nine thousand men is an important chapter of Ahom History.In 1253 Siu-Ka-Pha laid the foundation of permanent capital of Ahom at Charaideo. After subjugating the aboriginal tribles, Sui-Ka-Pha built up one nation and social- cultutal fabric of Assam tended to become pro-mongoloid.

Now a day every 2^nd December (from 1996), Assam is observing Sukaphaa Day or Assam Day (Axom Divawkh ), to commemorate the advent of the first king of the Ahom kingdom in Assam after his journey over the Patkai Hills.

Shiva Doul is located on the banks of the Sivasagar ("the ocean of the god Shiva") tank, also known as the Borpukhuri tank, in the heart of Sivasagar, in the Indian state of Assam. The tank was constructed between 1731 and 1738 and the temples were built in 1734 by Bar Raja Ambika, queen of Ahom king Swargadeo Siba Singha (1714–1744). It is the biggest and tallest temple in Assam and perhaps in India. It is capped by an Eight Feet high golden dome. The Shive tamples is 120 feets high and 130 feet in diameter. The daily ritual in the temple is the main attraction of the devotees and also become a holy tourist hub of upper Assam.

The Sivadol or Shiva temple, built in the Shikhara architecture. has a central tower which is said to be the tallest Shiva temple tower in India at a height of 120 feet. The base of the temple measures 130 ft in circumference. The temple is built with stone and bricks.

Talatal Ghar was built in the days of Ahom King Rudra Singha. The seven floors building was three floors underground and four floors above the ground. This is made of brick and an indigenous type of cement (a mixture of Bora Chaul - a sticky variety of rice grain - eggs of swan, etc.).  There were two underground tunnels under Talatal Ghar. Three floors below ground level (Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha, fourth son Rudra Singha added) which were used as exit routes during the Ahom wars and it was stretched up to river Dekhow and the another one was stretched up to 10 k.m. apart royal palace of Garhgaon, and was used as an escape route in case of an enemy attack. There is Garh( boundary) made of brick and garh-Khawoi( deep cannel) around the Talatal Ghar. Click on the Link for enjoy the video of TALATAL-GHAR https://youtu.be/SiMUrvaJHx8

The main capital of Ahom kings was set up at Hemenabari by shifting from Saraguwa by the 16^th Ahom King Siuklengmung in the year 1539. Later the capital was known as Gargaon, where the palace was first made of wood and stones. The present surviving brick palace of seven storied was rebuilt by king Rajeswar Singha in 1752. The palace was made by the mason Ghanashyam Khanikar, and it bears some beautiful sculptureal images. Presently this palace remains as the main site for tourist attraction.

Lumbinī (Sanskrit:  “the lovely“) is a Buddhist pilgrimage site in the Rupandehi District of Nepal. It is the place where, according to Buddhist tradition, Queen Mayadevi gave birth to Siddhartha Gautama in 563 BCE. Gautama, who achieved Enlightenment sometime around 528 BCE, became the Gautama Buddha and founded Buddhism. Lumbini is one of many magnets for pilgrimage that sprang up in places pivotal to the life of Gautama Buddha.

Lumbini has a number of temples, including the Mayadevi Temple and several others which are still under repairing. Many monuments, monasteries and a museum, the Lumbini International Research Institute, are also within the holy site. Also there is the Puskarini, or Holy Pond, where the Buddha’s mother took the ritual dip prior to his birth and where he had his first bath. At other sites near Lumbini, earlier Buddhas were, according to tradition, born, then achieved ultimate Enlightenment and finally relinquished their earthly forms. Lumbini was made a World Heritage Site status by UNESCO in 1997.

Earlier Day:-
In earlier days, Lumbini was situated in east of Kapilavastu and southwest Devadaha of Shakya kingdom of Nepal. It was there, that the Buddha was born. A pillar discovered in 1896, it is believed to mark the spot of Ashoka’s visit to Lumbini. The site was not known as Lumbini before the pillar was discovered. According to an inscription on the pillar, it was placed there by the people then in charge of the park to commemorate Ashoka’s visit and gifts. The park was previously known as Rummindei, 2 mil (3.2 km) north of Bhagavanpura.

The Sutta Nipáta states that the Buddha was born in a village of the Sákyans in the Lumbineyya Janapada. The Buddha stayed in Lumbinívana during his visit to Devadaha and there preached the Devadaha Sutta.

Present-day
Lumbini is 4.8 km in length and 1.6 km in width. The holy site of Lumbini is bordered by a large monastic zone in which only monasteries can be built, no shops, hotels or restaurants. It is separated into an eastern and western monastic zone, the eastern having the Theravadin monasteries, the western having Mahayana and Vajrayana monasteries.

The holy site of Lumbini has ruins of ancient monasteries, a sacred Bodhi tree, an ancient bathing pond, the Ashokan pillar and the Mayadevi Temple, where the supposed place of birth of Buddha is located. From early morning to early evening, pilgrims from various countries perform chanting and meditation at the site.

A non-governmental organisation called “Asia Pacific Exchange and Cooperation Foundation” (APECF) backed by chairman of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and then Prime Minister Prachanda, the Chinese government and a UN group called “United Nations Industrial Development Organization” (UNIDO) signed a deal to develop Lumbini into a “special development zone” with funds worth $3 billion. The venture was a China-UN joint project. A broader ‘Lumbini Development National Director Committee’ under the leadership of Pushpa Kamal Dahal was formed on 17 October 2011. The six-member committee included Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) leader Mangal Siddhi Manandhar, Nepali Congress leader Minendra Rijal, Forest Minister Mohammad Wakil Musalman, among other leaders. The committee was given the authority to “draft a master plan to develop Lumbini as a peaceful and tourism area and table the proposal” and the responsibility to gather international support for the same.

Nipponzan Myohoji decided to build a Peace Pagoda in the park in 2001, which is visited by many different cultures and religions every day, because some Hindus regard the Buddha as an incarnation (avatar) of Vishnu, thousands of Hindus have begun to come here on pilgrimage during the full moon of the Nepali month of Baisakh (April–May) to worship Queen Mayadevi as Rupa Devi, the mother goddess of Lumbini.